Optical Document Security I

23 - 25 January 2008, Argonaut Hotel, San Francisco

Conference chair: Rudolf L. van Renesse, VanRenesse Consulting (The Netherlands)

Programme Committee: Sara Church, Bank of Canada (Canada); Douglas S. Dunn, 3M Safety, Security, & Protection Services Lab (USA); Malcolm R. M. Knight, De La Rue International Ltd. (UK); Ian M. Lancaster, International Hologram Manufacturers Association (UK); Volker Lohweg, University of Applied Sciences Lippe & Höxter (Germany);Roger W. Phillips, JDSU Flex Products Group (USA); Sybrand Spannenburg, Joh. Enschedé Security Print (The Netherlands); Wayne R. Tompkin, OVD Kinegram Corp. (Switzerland); Dennis J. Trevor, OFS Laboratories (USA).

Improved Proceedings Layout

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Wednesday, 23 January 2008

13:00	Short Course on Optical Document Security 2008 Rudolf L. van Renesse, VanRenesse Consulting The slide presentation of the Short Course on Optically Variable Devices was made available on CD-ROM for Short Course attendees. See the contents of the Short course 2008
17:00	End of Short Course

Thursday, 24 January 2008

	SESSION 1: CURRENCY I
	SESSION CHAIR: Malcolm R. M. Knight - De La Rue International Ltd. (UK)
08:30	Technological Challenges in Designing Complex U.S. Paper Currency Judith Díaz Myers, Department of the Treasury, Bureau of Engraving and Printing, USA Overview of the security threats to U.S. currency with emphasis on the redesigned $100 note and the new $5 note. BEP's consideration of the NRC study A Path to the Next Generation of U.S. Banknotes and focus on the changing face of the counterfeiter and the proactive strategy to deter counterfeiting. Conference Conference Proceedings only contain slide presentation (no written paper submitted).
08:50	A Path to the Next Generation of U.S. Banknotes Dennis. J. Trevor, et al, OFS Laboratories, USA Trevor, a co-author of the NRC study A Path to the Next Generation of U.S. Banknotes, reviews the group’s work with a focus on the advanced feature platforms that the committee suggested, reviewing what was found as their potential for developing new features, including limitations that need to be overcome.
09:10	A Flow Model for Banknote Feature Evaluation Elisabeth A. Holm, Sandia National Laboratories, USA Discussion of the flow model for counterfeiting notes from production through stockpiling to passing and recirculation, published in the NRC study A Path to the Next Generation of U.S. Banknotes, and the evaluation of security features with the flow model.
09:30	Methodology for Establishing Bank Note Security Requirements Sara Church, Theodoros Garanzotis, Martine Lacelle and Andrea Firth, Bank of Canada A Security Matrix, based on threat assessment, scanning of current and future security technologies and identifying security gaps. The methodology and the resulting R&D program to develop specific new security features for future use are discussed.
09:50	Programme of Requirements – a powerful tool to develop new, secure banknotes Hans de Heij, De Nederlandsche Bank NV, The Netherlands A Programme of Requirements (PoR) is essential in designing banknotes. Separate PoRs are required for design, printing proof, zero production run and mass production and issue. A PoR template and essential requirements are provided, focussing on security features and ISO 9000 series.
10:10	Refreshment Break

	SESSION 2: CURRENCY II
	SESSION CHAIR: Sara Church - Bank of Canada (Canada)
10:40	Automatic Sheet Inspection in Banknote Production Thomas Türke, Harald Willeke and Stephen Brown, KBA-Bielefeld and KBA-Giori S.A.,Germany Real-time banknote sheet inspection by a new generation of field programmable gate arrays that allows colour inspection as well as inspection of security features such as windowed threads, embedded threads, OVDs, watermarks and screen printing.
11:00	New Concept on Quality Inspection and Machine Conditioning for Security Prints Walter Dyck, Thomas Türke, Johannes Schaede and Volker Lohweg, KBA-Bielefeld, KBA-Giori S.A. and Lippe and Höxter University of Applied Sciences, Germany Improvement of inspection techniques and an inspection methodology that warrants comprehensive quality control. Data compression by principal components analysis based on optical, acoustical and other machine information without much loss of information.
11:20	The Evolution of Banknote Wear Appearance Ernesto Gonzalez Candela, Adrian Gómez Castellanos and Benjamín Osuna Cámara, Banco de Mexico Banknote Printing Works, Mexico A cyclic wearing method is developed to obtain artificially worn banknotes with different deterioration levels. This allows establishing the time evolution behaviour of banknotes, and to generate wear appearance evolution curves. The wear resistance of security features is evaluated.
11:40	Optically Variable Elements in Banknotes: New Developments Roland Isherwood, De La Rue Group R&D, UK Colour shifting dichroic materials, diffractive elements and thin film structures with reference to banknote security features embodied in De La Rue’s StarChrome®, Depth Hologram™ and Optiks™.
12:00	Lunch Break

	SESSION 3: SUBSTRATE & PRINTING I
	SESSION CHAIR: Volker Lohweg – University of Applied Sciences Lippe & Höxter (Germany)
13:15	Spectral Pre-compensation of Printed Security Deterrents Steven J. Simske, Jason S. Aronoff and Margaret Sturgill, Hewlett-Packard Labs, USA Spectral pre-compensation: optimization of deterrent colours based on foreknowledge of the intended print technology and subsequent reading/scanning technology. Psychometric application to human perception and spectrometric application to machine reading.
13:35	The Forensic Analysis of Inkjet Printed Documents. Jack Tchan, MATAR Group, London College of Communication, University of The Arts London, UK Identification of printing machines using high resolution digital image systems, based on irregular movements of the print engine. New results for the analysis of inkjet printers.
13:55	Interactive Elastic Photonic Crystals André C. Arsenault, Opalux Inc., Canada Newly developed Elastic Photonic Crystals, consisting of inverse opal films, permeated with nanoscale ordered pores, diffract brilliant colours over wide angles. The films are user interactive (intuitive self-authentication) and can incorporate latent data content.
14:15	Micro Structured Taggants in Security Pigments and Inks Alberto Argoitia and Kees-Jan Delst, JDSU Flex Products Group, USA Microscopic pigment flakes with specific geometrical sizes and shapes containing graphics. The flakes can be combined with colour shift, magnetic printing and machine readable taggants. Second line inspection can be performed with a handheld microscope.
14:35	Refreshment Break

	SESSION 4: SUBSTRATE AND PRINTING II
	SESSION CHAIR: Dennis J. Trevor - OFS Laboratories (USA)
15:05	Printable Appearance-Changing Graphical Security Devices Vladimir Raksha, Tom Markantes, Paul Coombs, Roger Phillips, Eric Kurman and Kees-Jan Delst, JDSU Flex Products Group, USA Colour shifting pigment platelets are arranged in different orientations with regard to the substrate. Stereoscopic observation of printed patterns results in background and object having different colours, generating an illusive 3D perception with the object floating beneath the substrate.
15:25	Magnetic Inks in Security Documents and Use of TRIZ Method to Create Inventive Solutions in Security Applications Ted Rygas, Canadian Bank Note Company, Canada Security inks with a large variety of magnetic substances to create printed marks with alternating magnetic properties. Use of low-cost magnetic reading heads with extremely high resolution. Selection of materials and methods is facilitated by TRIZ, the theory of inventive problem solving.
15:45	Security features with Polarized Fluorescence Christoph Kocher, Landqart, Switzerland Two novel types of Polarisafe® features consisting of anisotropic fluorescent fibres, threads and coatings that react selectively to polarized UV are discussed: a group of monochromatic fluorescent features and a group allowing for multiple fluorescent colours in any desired arrangement.
16:05	New Optically Active Macro-crystal Technology for Security Labels Gergely Hanczar, Algernon Innovation LLC, Hungary A spark led through an optically active macro-crystal layer induces irreproducible random patterns. The tamper-proof layers, applied to plastic substrates, can be verified with simple scanners equipped with polarizing filters, using image-recognition algorithms based on crystallite formation rules.
16:25	End of First Day Sessions

	BUFFET DINNER, ODS TABLETOP EXHIBITION
19:00	Start Buffet Dinner
22:00	Close of First Day

Friday, 25 January 2008

	SESSION 5: OPTICALLY VARIABLE DEVICES I
	SESSION CHAIR: Wayne R. Tompkin – OVD Kinegram Corp (Switzerland)
08:30	Spatially and Angularly Resolved High Dynamic Range Reflectance Measurements for Forensic Document Inspection Mikael Lindstrand, GonioLabs, Sweden Trichromatic reflectance measurement for detailed and specific characterisation of OVDs and other components. Data can be scanned by visualisation tools or processed mathematically, to provide a method of measuring aspects such as colour shift.
08:50	SKATE® Threads – new optical security systems Andrey Kuryatnikov, Goznak, Russia A new multilayered window thread, 3-4 mm wide that shows different effects from front and back sides of paper: the SKATE colour-shifting effects in reflected light, and the CHAMELEON effect which is seen in transmitted light.
09:10	Creation of Novel Security Features using Optically Variable Magnetic Inks Claude-Alain Despland, Mathieu Schmid and Pierre Degott, SICPA SA, Switzerland Optically Variable Magnetic Ink (OVMI) allows the combination of visible colour shift and robust magnetic images. These images are created by pigment orientation in specially designed magnetic fields and cured at the full speed of industrial printing machines.
09:30	Individualised Diffractive Codes for Web-based Authentication and Tracking John A. Peters and Wayne Tompkin, OVD Kinegram Corp., Switzerland Web or internet based, visual or machine authentication and tracking and supply-chain management of products at the item-level using a diffractive code. The authentication device is an OVD containing a secure code and secret features, allowing authentication at all levels, from consumer to forensic inspection.
09:50	Diffractive OVD Features for Window Banknotes Andreas Schilling and Wayne Tompkin, OVD Kinegram Corp., Switzerland Novel diffractive OVD features for a window in a paper substrate are presented: see-through features, front-to-reverse image and foil appearance changes, and lenses. Industrially produced sample banknotes show synergies between substrate, diffractive OVD features, and print.
10:10	Refreshment Break

	SESSION 6: OPTICALLY VARIABLE DEVICES II
	SESSION CHAIR: Roger W. Phillips - JDSU Flex Products Group (USA)
10:40	Complex Computer-synthesized Holograms Forming Uncaused Fields Eugene Braginets, et al, National Taras Shevchenko University of Kyiv, Ukraine A complex computer-generated hologram (CGSH) is proposed of which the conjugate image is removed in order to increase brightness, provide a whole-plane image scene instead of a semi-plane and enhance security due to higher diffractive topology complexity. Comparisons with kinoforms are made.
11:00	Advances in Metameric Security Image Structures Bill Baloukas and Ludvik Martinu, École Polytechnique, Canada Transparent thin film interference structures are demonstrated, which match the colour of a non-iridescent coloured material in transmission under a certain angle. When tilting the device a hidden image is revealed. A low sensitivity to the type of illumination and to the colour vision of the observer is achieved.
11:20	Enhanced Zero Order Devices using Scattering Structures V. Petiton and Alexandre Noizet, Hologram Industries, France Zero Order Devices (ZOD) can be easily inspected under diffuse illumination, but under point source illumination the specular foil reflection hinders inspection. By adding scattering, non-periodic grating structures, ZOD effects become clearly visible under all lighting conditions.
11:40	Synthetic Holography at 500000 dpi: from Renaissance of portraits to holographic dust Libor Kotacka and Vladimír Kolarík, Optaglio s.r.o., Czech Republic Nano-engraving allows (1) the revival of human portrait security by introducing visual relief, (2) producing OVDot®, a microscopic “holographic dust” displaying kinetic effects, image switches, micrographics, and covert laser-viewable images, and (3) covert laser readable holographic codes.
12:00	Lunch Break

	SESSION 7: OPTICAL BIOMETRICS
	SESSION CHAIR: Ian M. Lancaster – Reconnaissance International (UK)
13:15	Novel Lippmann Holograms and Computer Generated Holograms for Security Applications Tomoko Kumasawa, Makio Kurashige, Tsuyoshi Yamauchi, Mitsuru Kitamura, Masachika Watanabe and Kenji Ueda, Dai Nippon Printing Co., Ltd., Japan Animated multiplexed Lippmann holograms with 100+ image frames from computer graphics and video movies have been realized. Furthermore, embossed 3D computer-generated holograms using E-beam-lithography have been created with high resolution texture mapping to render more natural images.
13:35	The Biometrigram: A Portable Holographic Personalisation Station Satyamoorthy Kabilan, John D. Wiltshire, David Winterbottom and Ben Bowmaker, Ver-Tec Security Systems Ltd., UK A silver halide volume reflection hologram contains multiple biometric and/or digital information. Rapid and secure information recording at the point of issue and full interoperability with any biometric recognition software is possible. Current developments include full colour holographic recording.
13:55	3-D Lenticular Photo ID Jan van den Berg, Sdu, The Netherlands Improved laser engraved lenticular 3D photographs are presented as a first line security feature. Their combination with other lenticular security features like a 3-D country code, moiré effects and moving print is shown and explained.
14:15	Are Fingerprint Biometrics Ready for E-passports? Ton van de Putte and Harko Robroch, Riscure BV, The Netherlands Most countries favour optical fingerprint technology for E-passports. Experiments show that its security is inadequate: spoofing has become easier and live finger detection does not meet crucial requirements. Investigating the feasibility of alternative biometrics is recommended.
14:35	Refreshment Break

	Session 8: AUTHENTICATION SESSION CHAIR: Douglas S. Dunn - 3M Safety (USA)
15:05	An ICAO Compliant Solution for BAC Deficiencies Alexander Herrigel, SECUDE International AG, Switzerland A security problem of the anticipated rollout of the E-Passport with the Basic Access Control (BAC) scheme exists. Strong cryptographic key entropy is more limited than expected and thus real strong DES key generation on the basis of ICAO specifications is not feasible. The paper presents a solution.
15:25	Mobile Interaction and Document Authentication Alexander Herrigel, SECUDE International AG, Switzerland Digitally watermarked document verification by mobile phone image capture can be executed at any place having GSM coverage. The captured image is relayed to the verification server by MMS, which server checks the digital image and returns an SMS that contains the verification result.
15:45	Digital Authentication of Documents and Products Using Copy Detection Images: from theory to practice Justin Picard, Picard Media Security Consulting, Switzerland A key property of Copy Detection Images (CDIs), such as some digital watermarks, is to discern copies from originals by automated detection. Problems relating to score stabilization are discussed. The claim that some of these CDIs cannot be successfully copied is questioned. Various attacks are discussed.
16:05	Laser Surface Authentication – natural randomness as a fingerprint for document and product authentication Russell Cowburn, Imperial College London, Blackett Physics Laboratory, UK A laser beam is focussed on random surface structures and the diffuse scatter is captured by six photo-detectors at different angles. The processed signals provide a unique identifier for the scanned surface, which identifier is robust to substantial surface damage. Laboratory experiments on 500 samples have resulted in very low error rates. LSA is now being trialled across a range of industries.
16:25	The Case for Authentication Standards Ian M. Lancaster, Reconnaissance Int., UK ISO is known to be considering the introduction of standards for the production and supply of security printed documents and security products, and there are already such standards published by ANSI (North America) and CEN (Europe). What is the role of standards in optical document and product security and how can suppliers be involved to ensure they are appropriate?
16:45	Close of Conference